Table 1 Demographic characteristics of residents and PAS and NAS scores across categorical groups (n = 133)
Items | N | % | PAS | NAS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | F/t | P value | Mean (SD) | F/t | P value | |||
Gender | ||||||||
 Male | 58 | 43.61 | 46.00 (10.09) | t = -1.76 | 0.08 | 37.03 (9.29) | t = 0.91 | 0.36 |
 Female | 75 | 56.39 | 48.85 (8.58) | 35.80 (6.32) | ||||
Marital Status | ||||||||
 Single/divorced | 114 | 85.71 | 48.07 (8.53) | t = 1.39 | 0.16 | 36.20 (7.67) | t = -0.49 | 0.62 |
 Married | 19 | 14.29 | 44.84 (13.19) | 37.15 (8.35) | ||||
Education | ||||||||
 Bachelor’s degree | 89 | 66.92 | 47.05 (9.77) | t = -0.97 | 0.33 | 36.96 (8.46) | t = 1.33 | 0.18 |
 Master’s degree or above | 44 | 33.08 | 48.72 (8.41) | 35.06 (5.94) | ||||
Resident grade | ||||||||
 I | 48 | 36.09 | 47.35 (6.78) | F = 0.43 | 0.65 | 37.52 (6.99) | F = 3.36 | 0.03* |
 II | 35 | 26.31 | 46.65 (10.23) | 37.85 (9.73) | ||||
 III | 50 | 37.60 | 48.52 (10.81) | 34.14 (6.42) | ||||
Types of residency training program | ||||||||
 Professional degree postgraduates | 65 | 48.87 | 48.31 (8.46) | t = 1.59 | 0.11 | 36.34 (7.18) | t = 0.05 | 0.95 |
 Non-professional degree postgraduates | 68 | 51.13 | 44.89 (11.54) | 36.25 (9.15) | ||||
Family residence before enrollment | ||||||||
 City | 52 | 39.09 | 46.03 (10.56) | F = 1.22 | 0.29 | 34.78 (7.49) | F = 3.03 | 0.05 |
 County | 65 | 48.87 | 48.69 (8.56) | 36.66 (7.62) | ||||
 Countryside | 16 | 12.04 | 48.31 (7.86) | 40.06 (2.02) | ||||
Prefer to work in radiology department | ||||||||
 Yes | 121 | 90.98 | 47.80 (9.45) | t = -0.75 | 0.45 | 36.26 (7.94) | t = 0.35 | 0.73 |
 No | 12 | 9.02 | 45.66 (8.26) | 37.08 (5.55) | ||||
Personality type | ||||||||
 Introverted personality | 56 | 42.11 | 47.49 (7.75) | t = 0.17 | 0.87 | 36.38 (7.68) | t = -0.09 | 0.93 |
 Extroverted personality | 77 | 57.89 | 47.77 (11.25) | 36.26 (7.90) | ||||
Family cares for you | ||||||||
 Yes | 126 | 94.74 | 47.64 (9.45) | t = -0.24 | 0.81 | 35.75 (3.30) | t = -0.15 | 0.87 |
 No | 7 | 5.26 | 46.50 (5.19) | 36.35 (7.85) | ||||
Residency instructor/faculty care for you | ||||||||
 Yes | 123 | 92.48 | 47.79 (9.34) | t = -0.81 | 0.42 | 36.04 (7.74) | t = 1.56 | 0.12 |
 No | 10 | 7.52 | 45.30 (9.53) | 40.00 (7.30) | ||||
Have you received any medical ethics and humanities training previously in medical school? | ||||||||
 Yes | 98 | 73.68 | 49.37 (7.98) | t = 3.25 | 0.00* | 35.81 (7.44) | t = 0.53 | 0.58 |
 No | 35 | 26.32 | 43.93 (10.90) | 36.58 (7.92) | ||||
Have you received any CSs training previously in medical school? | ||||||||
 Yes | 78 | 58.65 | 48.08 (8.92) | t = 3.47 | 0.00* | 36.08 (7.62) | t = -2.17 | 0.03* |
 No | 55 | 41.35 | 32.25 (11.17) | 44.50 (8.66) | ||||
The doctor’s attire can function as an effective tool of non-verbal communication to establish a good patient-doctor relationship | ||||||||
 Agree | 90 | 67.67 | 48.08 (9.06) | t = 2.51 | 0.01* | 36.30 (7.73) | t = -0.23 | 0.82 |
 Disagree | 43 | 32.33 | 39.14 (10.97) | 37.00 (8.67) | ||||
Have you ever experienced difficult conversation? | ||||||||
 Yes | 97 | 72.93 | 46.55 (9.89) | t = -0.79 | 0.43 | 38.09 (7.45) | t = -4.60 | 0.00* |
 No | 36 | 27.07 | 48.00 (9.16) | 31.61 (6.52) | ||||
How would you rate the current doctor–patient relationship in China in general? | ||||||||
 Tense doctor–patient relationship | 59 | 44.36 | 45.79 (9.13) | F = 0.88 | 0.41 | 37.27 (8.06) | F = 1.87 | 0.15 |
 Neutral | 54 | 40.60 | 48.52 (9.36) | 36.03 (7.75) | ||||
 Harmonious doctor–patient relationship | 20 | 15.04 | 49.80 (8.56) | 34.70 (6.46) | ||||
Personal CSs level | ||||||||
 Good | 42 | 31.58 | 49.72 (5.15) | F = 0.77 | 0.46 | 34.23 (5.83) | F = 5.86 | 0.00* |
 Neutral | 18 | 13.54 | 46.47 (10.10) | 33.17 (7.81) | ||||
 Poor | 73 | 54.88 | 47.74 (9.68) | 38.33 (8.20) | ||||